![]() However, in the history of the East–West porcelain trade for thousands of years, many merchant ships loaded with Chinese porcelain wares, unfortunately, sank into the sea due to natural and man-made disasters and were buried by marine sediment. This study discussed the influencing factors of the corrosion process of celadon wares in the marine environment from the perspective of microstructure for the first time, which is of great significance to the study of the corrosion mechanism of ancient ceramics.Ĭhinese porcelain was exported overseas as an important commodity as early as the Tang Dynasty (618–907 CE) and was loved by people all over the world in history. The quintinite group minerals in the glaze were probably formed during the corrosion process, which may be related to the marine buried environment and the corrosion of the glaze. Finally, many corrosion craters, caused by the shedding of anorthite crystals, may appear on the glaze surface. Then, because of the corrosion of the CaO-rich droplet phase and the crystal-glass phase interface layer, the porous structure and many microcracks may be formed, promoting the corrosion process. The first stage is mainly the long-term cation exchange reaction. There are three possible stages in the corrosion process of the glaze. The results showed that these two celadon wares are opaque matt glaze, in which the anorthite crystallization-phase separation structure with low chemical stability was found, which was more likely to be corroded. Optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM–EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Micro-Raman spectroscopy, and thermal expansion analysis were applied to analyze the microstructure of the glaze, corrosion morphology, and composition of corrosion products, and the corrosion mechanism was discussed in depth. In this study, two celadon specimens with severe corrosion were selected to investigate the corrosion mechanism in the marine environment. A total of 603 Longquan ( ) celadon wares were excavated, some of which have been severely corroded. The Dalian ( ) Island shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368 CE) was located in the sea area of Pingtan ( ), Fujian ( ) Province, China.
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